Thursday, July 15, 2010

Proton GEN-2, 2008

Proton GEN-2, 2008
Having acquired a majority share in Group Lotus Plc in 1996 and a full share in 2003, Proton have combined the sporting heritage of Lotus with its own strengths to create the Proton GEN-2 - a car that offers far more than the average family car. Carefully integrating the values of Proton, Lotus has helped to produce an exciting car designed for both performance and functionality, as designers and engineers deliberately chose to stray from the traditional approach of building a single car for the mass market. This integration has also become more physically visible in the Proton GEN-2 by way of the car's more modern, masculine and sporty character in terms of exterior and interior styling as well as in performance. While Lotus presence in the older range of vehicles like the Proton Satria GTi was limited to its superior ride and handling performance, its contributions have become more visible in the Proton GEN-2 and in current Proton cars, particularly the Satria Neo. The Lotus influence is evident in the GEN-2, from underlining new and higher standards related to performance and occupant safety to sculpturing the overall look and feel of the car from both the interior and exterior. Designed as a five-door hatchback, the Proton GEN-2 was the first of the new line of Proton cars and the first national car to be fitted with a Malaysian designed, blue-printed and commercially built engine, developed in close collaboration with Lotus. Proton introduced the latest addition to the GEN-2 line-up in March 2008, with the launch of the Proton GEN-2 Persona saloon into the UK. The GEN-2 saloon combines the excellent performance, ride and handling of the GEN-2 hatchback, but with the added sophistication and functionality that comes with owning a 4-door family car. The GEN-2 - a Proton through and through Proton believes that driving should be fun and that every one of its cars should deliver superb ride and handling. Progressive technology is evident across the range - not just in performance but in safety measures and standard equipment. The Proton GEN-2 continues this tradition of offering everything motorists have come to expect from a Proton - and more. Proton cars have always been reliable and good value for money and to maintain this Proton has added many additional features to the Proton GEN-2, making it even better value. But what sets the GEN-2 apart from the average family car is the influence of Lotus. The GEN-2 draws heavily on this, and marked a big step forward for Proton in terms of ride and handling, engine development and vehicle design. The Proton GEN-2 hatchback and saloon are joined by three other cars in Proton range which are the five door city car the Savvy, the three door supermini the Satria Neo and the Impian four door saloon. Exterior Design The biggest challenge for the Malaysian designers at Proton's Styling Unit when they designed the Proton GEN-2, was not only to come up with the design for a new car, but more importantly a brand new identity that would shape Proton cars of the next generation. Shaking off the existing Proton car image and appearance that car buyers have grown accustomed to over the last 15 years required the designers to embrace a bold and more daring approach in their designs. Equally important was to establish a presence that would disassociate future Proton cars from being perceived as rebadged variants belonging to Mitsubishi. From the Proton GEN-2's conception there was a desire to create a family car which showed Proton was a manufacturer of exciting and passionate cars rather than conventional products. The GEN-2 was designed to have an aerodynamic and curvaceous styling not previously experienced in previous Proton vehicles, or generally found on family cars. This goal enabled designers and engineers to set a consistent and emerging styling direction for future products, giving Proton cars their own personality, character and presence. Lotus influence in the Proton GEN-2 is strong compared to previous Proton vehicles, particularly in the exterior and interior styling, which has set out to create a more sporty and contemporary car both inside and out. The GEN-2 represents a harmonious blend of Proton and Lotus characteristics to produce a contemporary and much sportier car than previous models and set a standard which each of the current products now embodies. In styling the Proton GEN-2, the designers opted for deeper concave lines and shoulders to make the car masculine and aggressive in appearance. Integrating Lotus characteristics into the design, the end result bore strong resemblance of a sporty coupe in line with the objective of creating a car that was more sporty than conventional. The masculine shoulders of the GEN-2, the gentle curve of the roof and the pronounced wheel arches extend fluidly to the rear section of the car, accentuating dynamism and a powerful presence whether the car is stationary or in motion. Sporty characteristics extend to the rear of the Proton GEN-2 with radically designed rear lights positioned on the high and contoured tail end of the car, with a tailgate spoiler available on GSX and saloon models. Brand new 15" alloy wheels, available on all models, complete the look. In addition to the stylish profile, crumple zones at the front and rear ensure passengers are as safe as possible in the event of a collision, while electronically controlled folding door mirrors (heated on GSX models) ensure ease of use for drivers. And when it comes to those tight spaces in town, reverse distance sensors ensure the GEN-2 is no problem to park. The GEN-2 hatchback is available in a choice of six different colours including metallic Black, Chilli Red, Genetic Silver and Passion Blue and the Proton GEN-2 saloon is available in a choice of five colours, including Light Gold and Blueberry Tea. Size The Proton GEN-2 hatchback has an overall length of 4310mm, an overall width measuring 1725mm, a height of 1435mm and wheelbase of 2600mm. This compares very favourably with the competition, with the car being longer than many of its competitors and having improved vehicle dynamics. It has a 50 litre fuel tank and luggage area volume of 460 litres with the rear seats up and a volume of 850 litres with the seats folded down. The GEN-2 saloon has an overall length of 4477mm, an overall width measuring 1725mm, a height of 1437mm and wheelbase of 2600mm. The saloon version has a luggage area volume of 430 litres with the seats up, which can be doubled with the seats folded down. NVH suppression The Proton GEN-2 aims for superior NVH characteristics which make the driving experience comfortable for occupants without eliminating the sporty engine noise. The aerodynamic profile means the GEN-2 delivers low wind resistance, good high speed manoeuvrability, vehicle stability and control. In perfecting noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) for the GEN-2, Proton's Research and Development engineers concentrated on isolating noise at the source as one of the most effective methods to achieving higher NVH standards. Noise produced by the engine, the intake and exhaust system were isolated and prevented from creeping into the cabin. Proton engineers also aimed at providing a measurable and significant degree of NVH performance, from addressing how the vehicle responds to vibration in various driving conditions to achieving the desired levels of stiffness, weight and the damping effects of the vehicle. The floor pan of the Proton GEN-2, the trunk and the door panels have all been subjected to significant amounts of damping, and a great degree of attention has gone into better insulating firewall, the A, B and C pillars and the floor of the vehicle. Careful attention went into accomplishing this by way of strategically positioning the correct amount of damping sheets and insulation padding to achieve the desired NVH levels without having the additional weight compromising on the vehicle's overall performance. Reducing wind noise was also accomplished by introducing improved door seals or weather strips that have significantly reduced air leakage into the passenger compartment and the introduction of Low Gap Technology, giving a snug panel fit and the ribbed bee sting aerial means reduced wind noise inside the cabin. The enhanced rigidity and stiffness in the GEN-2's platform also resulted in better suspension performance, providing better vehicle stability, passenger protection and helping to eliminate unwanted and undesirable creaks. Benchmarking against a number of European, Japanese and Korean cars, these elements combined, create a more desirable in-car driving experience from how smooth the vehicle is when in motion, to delivering a solid "thud" as the doors are shut. Lighting Sculptured headlights give a more aggressive appearance and the front bumper has been deliberately designed to appear lower for a more sporty presence. Clear fog lights have also been integrated into the front bumper for a more dynamic stature. All Proton GEN-2 models have halogen headlamps with semi-automatic levelling as standard. Interior Design Simplicity, stylish and sporty were the elements Proton ergonomics experts set out to achieve as they worked to harmoniously integrate the unique characteristics between Proton and Lotus in seeking to raise the standards of a Proton car interior. The "Lotus Inside" theme is translated into a classier and more modern design of the dashboard and cockpit underlining a very strong sporty and emotional presence. Raised structures of the dashboard and positioning of the instruments and controls provide the driver and front passenger with ideal field of vision, reach and accessibility. When you step into the Proton GEN-2, you can't miss the influence of the Lotus Design Studio in the circular styling of the controls, cowled dash, subtle red LEDs and sporty dials. Designed to be as flexible as possible the GEN-2 easily meets the multitude of demands placed on a family car. Its spacious interior can comfortably accommodate five adults and there are child locks on the rear doors for maximum safety if carrying younger passengers and ISOfix style child restraint fixings on the back seat. Dashboard and instruments All the important information is clearly laid out so drivers need only take their eyes from the road momentarily to get key information. All major warning indicators are easily located, including the seatbelt warning and door ajar warning lights. Additional features include an audible seatbelt warning buzzer for front passengers and a lights on warning buzzer. In addition, all GSX models have an instrument panel dimmer so drivers can select their own brightness settings. The materials chosen for the upper dashboard were selected for their low reflectivity, to reduce the glare from the road. The lower materials have been chosen for their durability. There are fabric or leather inserts in the door panels and the A, B and C pillars are covered with a grain plastic. Trip computer The Proton GEN-2 also features an on-board informative digital display system, capable of calculating average fuel consumption, journey time and distance to empty. The average fuel consumption system calculates consumption from the total fuel used and the distance since the last reset enabling the driver to review his driving patterns in making a decision when it comes to choosing between economy and performance driving. The journey time option shows the time in hours and minutes telling the driver how long the ignition has been switched on and the engine left running, while the distance to empty provides an estimated distance in miles to the next refuelling requirement. Controls The three spoke steering wheel has been improved in terms of design, function and material, aimed at offering superior grip as well as convenience, and together with the gear shifter and handbrake handle (hatchback only), accentuate the sporty nature of the car. For additional convenience, the has steering wheel mounted audio controls volume and mute controls for the radio/CD player on the left hand side and skip, search and mode controls on the right. The steering wheel has been positioned to provide driver legroom of 930mm from the hip pivot point. The steering wheel is also height adjustable for added convenience. Seating The GEN-2's spacious cabin offers drivers a dark grey interior colour scheme extending to the seats, door inserts and the darker dashboard and door trim. Body hugging one-piece seats with integrated headrest in the front give the driver and the passenger better grip and a fully secured driving feel. The driver's seat is height, tilt and slide adjustable for optimum comfort and there are two adjustable headrests for rear passengers. The hip pivot point in the GEN-2 is higher than in other cars, giving easy access in and out of the vehicle. Luggage and storage There are ample storage compartments around the cabin including a dashboard stowage tray, side pockets in the front doors, rear map pockets in the front seats and a centrally located cup holder. In addition there is also a central floor console box with armrest between the front seats. The 60:40 split folding rear seats provide a versatile load area in the rear of the car, creating a large load area for extra luggage, suitcases, shopping etc. Within the boot there is a handy hook giving ease of access to the spare wheel and toolkit and every Proton GEN-2 hatchback has an internal boot strap so there is no need to get hands dirty by touching the boot of the vehicle. The toolkit contains adjustable pliers, a 12mm/14mm spanner, screwdriver, wheelbrace and towing eye and jack. Equipment All GLS and saloon models are fitted with an air conditioning system with pollen filter, with GSX models having automatic climate control with pollen filter as standard. The familiar vertically stacked heating controls are situated conveniently by the gear lever and complement the simplistic, minimalist and sporty look and feel. GSX automatic models have automatic cruise control as standard, which is unusual on a car in this price range. This enables the driver to set their own constant speed. Controls for this are located on the steering column on the right hand side. Front electric windows are standard across the range, with electric rear windows on the GSX and saloon ranges. A centrally located window locking system is in place on the hatchback to prevent children having access to the electric windows when travelling in the rear. Additional practical considerations are in abundance. The GEN-2 is equipped with illuminated power window switches, side mirror adjusters, centre mounted clock, sun visor with vanity mirror on passenger and driver side which also incorporates a ticket holder, front and rear door side armrests and a 12V power socket. Audio In-car entertainment comes in the form of a stylish unit which complements the interior's sporty look and feel. Each Proton GEN-2 is fitted with a Blaupunkt audio system with RDS, 20 station memory and CD player, compatible with both CDRW (hatchback only) and MP3 CDs in addition to standard CD formats. This integrated unit is only compatible with the GEN-2 so cannot be stolen and used in another vehicle. Models in the GSX range can be equipped with a hands free telephone based on Bluetooth technology. A four-way speaker system provides for better sound distribution around the cabin. Engines and Transmissions The Proton GEN-2 is available with a choice of either a 1.3 (hatchback only) or 1.6 litre 16v Lotus developed CamPro petrol engine. All manual transmission models have a five-speed gearbox and a four-speed automatic option is available on 1.6 models. Underneath the bonnet is a CamPro 4-cylinder 16v Multi-Point Injection engine developed in collaboration with Lotus. As you'd expect from a company that designs and builds high performance cars, this is an engine that packs a serious punch; with the 1.6 range delivering a max speed of up to 118mph, with 110bhp and 109lb/ft of torque. Testing of the engine was conducted on both engine rigs and dynamometers as well as on the road with running prototypes already having completed rigorous tests all around the globe and accumulating more than 27,000 hours. While the main proving ground for the CamPro was Malaysia, the engine has been put through the hot and engine onboard diagnostic tests in Australia. Hot and high altitude testing was conducted in Spain, high speed testing run at Millbrook in the United Kingdom and cold weather testing conducted in Sweden. A HVAC cooling test was also performed on the GEN-2 in Japan as Proton and Lotus engineers worked to create an engine designed for reliability, durability, longevity, fuss free and affordable maintenance, and performance. Chassis The Proton GEN-2 inherits a more rigid platform and body, and Lotus-tweaked suspension for more agility, stability, precision and control as Proton engineers pursued to provide greater active safety. Proton and Lotus engineers reached the perfect balance between performance excellence and ride comfort in the set-up of the GEN-2, delivering a car with a sporty personality and spirited drive yet managing to attain a high degree of comfort. The goal was to create a car big on performance, and equally generous in terms of on road comfort. In essence, Proton engineers targeted the car for a specific audience - those who are in the market for a practical family car yet desire the performance and personality of a sports car. The sporty character of the car is translated into creating a more responsive, predictable and controllable package, giving the Proton GEN-2 not only greater agility but stability. The driver registers this in the form of greater precision in terms of lane changing behaviour through an even more immediate and instantaneous response to steering movements. A key strength that Proton has acquired through their relationship with Lotus is the ability to maximise ride and handling through total integrated body tuning and balancing; this combines to give a fun and exciting drive and translates into the GEN-2 having excellent steering, manoeuvrability, cornering and handling capabilities that can be easily distinguished in terms of cornering speeds and high-speed stability. Good ride and handling not only makes a car more enjoyable to drive, it also improves safety by giving an accurate and instant response to driver actions. Few cars achieve good levels of both. Usually better handling means less ride comfort and vice versa. The GEN-2 has been designed to optimise both elements. Brakes All Proton GEN-2 models are equipped with an ABS with EBD for optimum performance. In addition, all models have brake discs all round, with 266mm ventilated at the front and 280mm solid at the rear. Wheels All GEN-2 models have 15 inch alloy wheels with 195/55R15 85V Continental Sport or Sime tyres with a space saver steel wheel as a spare. Steering The vehicle's turning circle is just 5.4m (17.7 ft) which has helped enhance around-town driveability and manoeuvrability. Safety Safety is a priority for Proton, who provide drivers with a range of equipment to help to prevent an accident and protect in the event of a collision. The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) and Electronic Brake Distribution (EBS) deliver controlled, safer braking in adverse weather conditions. EBD distributes optimum braking force to the area of the vehicle that needs it the most, ensuring stability and confidence under heavy braking. Proton aims to offer both „active' and „passive' safety and the GEN-2 does just this. Active safety is achieved through good vehicle control, helping to avoid accidents. The Lotus input into the chassis and suspension development ensures the Proton GEN-2 has excellent handling, accurate steering and stable braking. The precision feedback and responsiveness of the steering, handling and braking ensure maximum control when on the road. Passive safety, the minimisation of injuries in the event of an accident, has always been important at Proton and the GEN-2 has several safety features to support this. Here Proton focuses on passenger protection through built-in crumple zones, strong cabin rigidity and additional energy absorbance technology. Proton have also utilised passenger restraint systems to reduce injuries from secondary impact. The Proton GEN-2 has independent rear headrests for improved safety for rear passengers and both front seatbelts have pre-tensioners to maintain the belt force at a controlled level and ensure passengers are held in place in an impact. In addition the driver's seatbelt is linked to an audible warning system which reminds the driver to fasten their seatbelt. There are twin airbags fitted as standard across the entire GEN-2 range with twin side airbags available on GSX models. Additional features include a collapsible steering column and a pedal anti-intrusion system, both of which help prevent penetration into the cabin during a frontal impact. The rear seats have been designed to withstand impact from luggage thrown against the back seat and therefore against rear passengers, in the event of a rear collision. All passive safety systems have been tuned for optimal timing to reduce risk of injury. Cruise control is standard on the GSX automatic and allows a desired speed to be maintained constantly. For safety, braking disengages the system or it can be controlled via a steering wheel switch. Additional safety features include reverse distance sensors to alert the driver to any obstructions or people behind the vehicle and a centrally located petrol tank, making it less likely to get damaged in the event of an accident. Security The Proton GEN-2 comes with an integrated alarm system and an engine immobiliser with a unique encoded transponder. The three stage security system minimises the risk of vehicle theft by means of hot wire or duplication of keys, providing protection from theft. The door locking system is fitted with a free rolling key cylinder as a theft deterrent. If an intruder uses an unmatched key or attempts a forced entry on the key cylinder with a foreign object, the lock will rotate freely to prevent opening. Should a window be broken, the combination of the immobiliser and ignition lock protection will ensure that the ignition system is protected and the car cannot be driven. The central locking cables are hidden to prevent tampering and the locks are less likely to be broken if foreign objects are inserted. To further reduce the risk of kerb-side break-ins there is only one exposed lock, on the driver's door, and no external boot release. All security features in the GEN-2 also conform to strict Thatcham safety and security standards. All new Proton vehicles are automatically added to the International Security Register (ISR) reducing the risk of theft and resale. A single call to the ISR's 24 hour helpline enables a prospective buyer to confirm a vehicle's credentials. In addition to this, the Proton GEN-2 also has a visible VIN plate on the dashboard and many of its parts (e.g. alarm unit, ECU, seats) are all marked with a unique identification number.

Proton Impian, 2006

Proton Impian, 2006
From the initial design sketches, through prototyping and development to production of the Proton Impian, first passenger car to be created entirely in Malaysia, Proton engineers have set out to reward owners with a driving experience in the highly competitive D sector that is second to none.
That they have succeeded is due in no small measure to a unique combination of engineering excellence and design flair. Proton's pragmatic approach to worldwide market requirements blends the best of Malaysian creativity with European engineering precision and Japanese manufacturing skills. To create a safe and soothing environment for driver and passengers, Proton engineers have been supported by a Malaysian-based project team established by EDAG, the German body engineering specialists, while the Proton Impian's ride comfort and pin sharp handling reflect the silky skills of Lotus suspension tuning experts previously paraded in Proton's acclaimed Satria GTi. The result is a car with clean, crisp styling that provides occupants with impressive safety standards and drivers with full control, no matter what the conditions. The reinforced body structure is among the strongest in its class, giving greater torsional rigidity for less body roll, better road-holding and a solid, European feel to the driving experience. Setting even higher quality standards, the Proton Impian is manufactured using the latest modular construction techniques in a new factory alongside Proton's main plant at Shah Alam near Kuala Lumpur. Modular integration allows each module to be stronger and more rigid, at the same time reducing weight. All Proton's first home-grown product demonstrates a maturity and level of competence not previously expected of the youngest Pacific rim manufacturer to make its mark in a global market place. With the opening of a £62 million Research and Development Centre at Shah Alam two years ago, Proton has the capability to design vehicles in-house from concept to production, using the latest CATIA design and simulation work stations together with a rapid prototyping facility to halve component design time and dramatically reduce costs. A state of the art emissions laboratory at the centre is fully approved by the UK's Road Transport Department Vehicle Certification Authority, while sophisticated suspension compliance and measurement rigs coupled with training from Lotus specialists has given Proton engineers the ability to achieve world-class ride and handling standards. Malaysia's primary national car manufacturer has come a long way since the first Mitsubishi-based car rolled off the production line in 1985 and the Proton Impian personifies a new ambition to produce products that are technically advanced, great value and satisfying to drive. The Proton Impian range will be later expanded with higher derivative variants, while a whole new generation of powerful yet highly efficient engines unveiled recently by Lotus is being readied for use in 2003. A range of derivative models is currently under development at the R & D Centre, and Proton is also planning the launch of a mid-engined 2+2 sports car based on the Lotus M250 chassis in two years time. Inner Strength Thicker steel has been used to reinforce the entire body structure of the new car for maximum rigidity and reduced deformation in collisions. This has also helped to minimise road vibrations and noise transmitted through the suspension mountings. A recyclable plastic fuel tank module is 15 per cent lighter than in previous Proton models and is designed to withstand a 30 mph rear impact from another vehicle. Modular construction is also used for the doors, front suspension assembly, strut and shock absorber mountings and for brake mountings. Longer, wider and taller than the Proton Wira, the Proton Impian is also crucially 100 mm longer in the wheelbase. This adds up to more leg, head and shoulder room for added comfort. Spacious accommodation for up to five adults is supported by a wide, easy to load 15.5 cubic feet luggage compartment, which houses a space saving spare wheel and storage tray. Safe and sure footed Coil-sprung MacPherson strut front suspension and coil-sprung multilink rear suspension are enhanced by stabiliser bars to create the right balance between precise handling responses transmitted through rack and pinion progressive power steering and ride comfort. In tuning the spring rates and dampers to achieve this goal, Lotus Engineering conducted exhaustive development work on steering effort and response, linearity, straight-line handling, cornering, lane changing, body control, wheel control and smoothness of ride before the Proton Impian was brought to market. The result is a car that scores eight A's in every facet of ride and handling. In benchmark tests against such established and acclaimed D sector models as the Audi A4, Honda Accord and Vauxhall Vectra, the Proton Impian established a clear lead in overall ride and handling. With just 2.8 turns from lock to lock, steering response from the alloy wheels shod with 195/55R 15 tyres is direct and positive. The driver's control of vehicle dynamics is further enhanced by the fitting of traction control as standard equipment to UK-spec cars. Dependable braking over all road surfaces is assured by 10in diameter disc brakes all round, ventilated at the front, plus four-wheel electronic ABS. Flexible performance Lower fuel consumption, noise and vibration levels, plus improved flexibility and response are delivered by the latest version of the lightweight Mitsubishi 1.6 litre 4G18 S4 petrol engine fitted to the new model.A plastic intake manifold and redesigned pistons, fuel injectors and distributor have saved space and reduced weight, while a new cooling system, engine stay and cylinder block reinforcement contribute to quieter running. The four cylinder engine's design features improved cooling and lubrication of the cylinder block. A metal head gasket and wider timing belt ensure even better reliability and consumables such as transmission and engine oil, filters and spark plugs boast extended service intervals. The new engine delivers increased power and torque than previous 1.6 engines used by Proton for enhanced driveability and economy, while emissions comply with European Step III regulations. Drive is either through a five-speed manual gearbox or optional four-speed electronic automatic transmission. Safety and comfort Ergonomic layout of all controls coupled with use of high quality materials in harmonious shades have dictated the design of the new model's passenger compartment. Fascia and seat styling reflects the latest thinking on interior design, with all functions within easy reach and view to help the driver maintain concentration on the road at all times. Speedometer, tachometer and ancillary gauges monitoring water temperature and fuel level are positioned alongside a warning light panel directly ahead of the driver. Face level fresh air vents are positioned either side of the instrument panel and the driver's view ahead is protected from instrument glare by a stylish curved hood. Below the vents in the strategically-angled centre console are push button controls for secondary functions and a built-in stereo system, which has been ergonomically designed and acoustically tuned by Clarion specially for the Proton Impian. Controls for the sound system are high mounted in the driver's field of vision to avoid driver distraction and push button controls for volume and station search are incorporated in the 14in. three spoke height adjustable steering wheel, which also houses an electronic driver's airbag. Primary controls such as headlamps, indicators and wipers/mist washers are mounted on steering column stalks and Proton has even reversed the traditional right side indicator position found on most Pacific rim vehicles to suit European tastes. Easy to use controls for the standard air conditioning are also to be found in the centre console, which sweeps down to incorporate an ashtray, cigarette lighter, cubby hole, gear shift, handbrake, cup holders and centre armrest concealing a storage bin. Ahead of the front passenger is a fascia-mounted airbag above the large glove compartment and both front seat occupants gain addition impact protection from side airbags. Body hugging, reclining front seats with adjustable head restraints have 240 mm of fore and aft adjustment, while the driver's seat has hand controls to adjust seat height and lumbar support. Velour upholstery and deep pile carpeting is standard fitment, while the 1.6X is trimmed with Connolly leather upholstery. Rear seats incorporating vertically adjustable head restraints and a folding central armrest feature 60/40 split and a child seat restraint anchorage. Moulded interior door trim conceals six-piece impact protection that complies with EU side impact safety requirements and windows are electrically powered front and rear.Finger-tip safety-touch controls for all four windows plus child-proof security lock are conveniently located for the driver in the front door armrest, while grab handles above each door and sun visors flush-fold into the moulded headlining. To the Proton Impian's already impressive inventory of standard equipment, UK customers will benefit from seat belt pre-tensioner and load limiters for the front seats, electrically adjustable door mirrors (electric folding and heated on 1.6X), front door-open warning lights, remote central door locking with keyless entry, alarm and engine immobiliser. In-car entertainment has been acoustically tuned to suit the shape of the Proton Impian cabin. A flexible roof-mounted B sting antenna and stereo RDS radio and a single CD or auto-reverse cassette player provide high quality sound reproduction through two bass, two mid-range and two domed tweeter speakers. Reading lamps are provided for front and rear passengers and there are courtesy lights on both front doors. Either side of the new model's distinctive front grille are twin projector-type halogen headlamps, with indicator and auto-cancelling fog lamps integrated in the body-coloured front bumper. A high level brake light is incorporated into the boot lid, while one-piece tail light assemblies incorporate reverse and auto-cancelling fog lamps.

Proton GEN-2, 2004

Proton GEN-2, 2004
Following Proton Berhad's acquisition of a 100 per cent controlling interest in Group Lotus Plc, personnel from the British sports car manufacturer's engineering division have been closely involved in the development programme of GEN-2; both at the Lotus headquarters in Hethel and at Proton's £62 million vehicle design and development centre in Malaysia. The Proton GEN-2 has been styled to attract a wider customer base; the Lotus Design Studio has had a major influence on the design of the curvy muscular bodywork that looks simply sensational in a range of new colours. From the bee sting aerial to the dashboard instrument panel, reminiscent of the Lotus roundel, the GEN-2's sporting pedigree is undeniable. The 1.6 litre CAMPRO engine, designed in collaboration with Lotus, delivers exceptional torque output. The double overhead-camshaft engine produces 110bhp. Power is matched by agility, with handling developed by Lotus. The Proton GEN-2 has outstanding stability when cornering and changing lanes, making it an exciting, responsive drive while maximising passenger comfort. Sleek, sporty lines continue throughout the interior. The design combines ergonomic comfort with classic minimalism, while exclusive touches from Blaupunkt have brought fingertip controls to life. Optimal protection is provided by increased body rigidity and strategic crumple zones. Four-wheel ABS on the GSX model ensures stability and good braking performance, whilst the Electronic Brake force Distribution (EBD) system prevents wheel lock up as the driver makes avoidance manoeuvres whilst braking.

SsangYong Musso Sports, 2005

SsangYong Musso Sports, 2005
The SsangYong Musso was a SUV manufactured by the South Korean automobile manufacturer, SsangYong Motor Company.
First produced in 1993 the car featued a Mercedes petrol engine or a diesel engine. The car was designed by Ken Greenly and received Auto Design Award from the Birmingham Auto Show hosted in 1994 and 1996. Also known for its off-road abilities, Musso has won the first place from the Pharaohs Rally of Egypt among 4WD vehicles in October 1994. The Musso seats five people. The Musso's wheels are fit for off-road driving, similar to the smaller SUV SsangYong Korando. The SsangYong Musso Sports, a Musso variant with a truck bed, was released in later years.

SsangYong Kyron, 2005

SsangYong Kyron, 2005
The SsangYong Kyron is a compact 'soft-roader' SUV (although it is quite big for its class) built by SsangYong Motor Company. It has a 104 kW (139 hp)/310 N·m (229 ft·lbf) diesel engine, with Mercedes-Benz engine parts. Although the engine is a great one in its own right, it does power a car weighing almost two tonnes which makes performance lethargic at best. It is one of the few compact 4WDs to be able to actually go off road, though, with a separate chassis. Its looks was designed by MG's Ken Greely. In 2007, the robust XDi270 diesel engine is available on the Kyron increasing the performance to 121 kW (162 hp)/340 N·m (251 ft·lbf). Both the XDi200 and XDi270 uses the 3rd-generation Common Rail technology. The sophisticated direct injection system boosts power and fuel efficiency, which lowers pollution and saves on fuel. The new 3rd generation ECU is operating on 32-bit platform rather than the 16-bit found on the previous 2 generations of commonrail technology.

SsangYong Rodius, 2004

SsangYong Rodius, 2004
The SsangYong Rodius is a large MPV/SUV by the Korean automaker SsangYong Motor Company. The car was designed by Ken Greenley, former head of the automotive design course at the Royal College of Art in London. It is available in 7, 9, and 11 seat configurations. The engines are the Mercedes-Benz licenced 3.2 L 6-cylinder petrol engine ( 162 kW (217 hp) & 309 N·m (228 ft·lbf) ) and the 2.7 L 5-cylinder common rail diesel engine ( 121 kW (162 hp) & 342 N·m (252 ft·lbf) ).

Subaru Impreza 5-Door, 2008

Subaru Impreza 5-Door
Fuji Heavy Industries Inc. (FHI), the maker of Subaru automobiles, announced the unveiling of its all new Subaru Impreza (U.S. specifications) at the New York International Auto Show, which will be held from April 6 through 15. (Press days : April 4 and 5) The third-generation Impreza will hit the market around the world starting this summer. Developed around the product concept of new, more refined designs for comfort, the latest Impreza incorporates sophisticated styling and rich interior design, roominess and space, and outstanding comfort and utility, while offering a pleasant and safe ride enhanced by Subaru Symmetrical AWD (All-Wheel drive) with the Horizontally-Opposed engine. Advanced core mechanism The new Impreza showcases a redesigned chassis, body construction and drivetrain, as well as substantially improved overall performance, under the theme "Only Subaru can deliver such attractive performance and values."1 It also provides a pleasant ride with ease of handling and integrates performance with advanced safety and environmental considerations. FHI recently set forth a new theme for Subaru cars that stipulates Subaru's goal: Subaru offers a comfortable, pleasant drive for the driver and passengers; provides peace of mind and reliability; and extends convenience, utility and functionality. Chassis The newly designed double-wishbone rear suspension effectively absorbs shocks from road surfaces, ensuring high levels of ride comfort and agile handling. The lower center of gravity, enabled by the Boxer engine, has been enhanced by mounting the engine slightly lower in the chassis, thereby further improving stability. Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC), available on a wider grade range of the Impreza lineup, increases active safety. Body construction Additional use of high tension steel and reinforced joints has greatly improved rigidity. Streamlined body construction, while ensuring safety, makes weight reduction possible, which in turn improves fuel economy and maneuverability. Engines and transmissions The 2.5-liter Boxer engine features ideal power output characteristics under a practical range of driving speeds through improved mid- to low-end torque. The engine has also been modified to improve emissions and fuel efficiency. The 2.5-liter SOHC normally aspirated engine adopts a new intake port and other design changes that make improved low-end torque and fuel efficiency possible. Improved emissions were realized by a new catalyst system that optimizes catalyst efficiency. Incorporating a newly designed intake manifold, intercooler and turbocharger, the 2.5-liter DOHC turbocharged engine delivers improved mid to low-end torque and fuel efficiency. Transmissions, both manual and automatic, were modified for faster, more responsive shifting and better maneuverability. Safety Advancing the Ring-Shaped Reinforcement Frame Body Structure with front and rear crumple zones, the new Impreza has realized high levels of safety and crash worthiness. All models are equipped with dual SRS airbags, side SRS airbags, and curtain airbags. A collapsible safety pedal is available on all models to reduce the risk to feet in accidents. Refined styling and elegant interior design The new Impreza combines sporty styling with ample interior space and integrates functionality with elegance. Exterior design Refined styling is highlighted by a perfectly proportioned body, well calculated panel curves that reflect light and shadow in harmony, and quality details. Sweeping character lines on both sides express a sense of speed and individuality. A sporty image is underscored by projecting front fenders and rear quarters. Projector lamps, used in the headlights, give a dynamic three-dimensional appearance. 5-door model A clean and elegant line flows continuously from the front grille, up the A-pillar, across the roof down to the rear gate. An aerodynamic rear spoiler, standard on all models, heightens the car's sporty image. 4-door model The rear overhang is 165 mm longer than on the 5-door model, which gives the car a more elegant sedan look. Interior design Spacious and open interior provides comfort and improves visibility. Aluminum-look insets in the center panels and door trim add a sporty feel and airiness. The navigation screen, as well as the vehicle information and audio displays are placed at the top of the dashboard for improved visibility and functionality. High-grade, double-stitched seat fabrics provide a feeling of quality. Packaging and utility The new Impreza rides on a 95-mm-longer wheelbase than its predecessor, which enables expanded interior space. The all-new double-wishbone rear suspension makes room for a wider and deeper luggage compartment, enhancing the utility of the car. On the 5-door model, the rear seats feature a 60/40 split folding mechanism that allows various seating arrangements and increases cargo capacity. The wide and flat load floor can accommodate two Tour-size golf bags, or five carry-on bags. The 4-door model provides a larger trunk that can accommodate three Tour-size golf bags. The rear seats feature standard 60/40 split backs, giving pass-through access to the trunk. Larger door openings, which are enabled through new sash construction, afford improved ingress and egress, and the rear doors open 75 degrees to allow for better rear seat access. The door panels house molded recesses that can hold 720-mL PET bottles.

Subaru Forester, 2008

Subaru Forester, 2008
The new Forester has realized ideal proportions that provide ample interior space and offer improved utility without substantially enlarging the body size. Compared to the previous model, the new Forester is 110 mm taller (excluding the roof rail) and 45 mm wider, and its wheelbase has been expanded by 90 mm, increasing interior space and improving riding comfort. On the other hand, the overall distance between the ends of the right and left door mirrors has been shortened by 10 mm through mirror position and design changes. Also, the minimum turning radius was made shorter by 0.1 meter for zippy handling. Off-road capability is further improved by optimization of approach and departure angles, coupled with a generous 225-mm ground clearance. The double-wishbone rear suspension makes room for a deeper and wider luggage compartment. This enhances the utility of this car that already features cargo area tie-down hooks and a DC12V/120W power outlet, as well as a push button switch for folding down the rear seatbacks. Larger door openings, which are enabled through new sash construction, afford improved ingress and egress, and the rear doors open 75 degrees to allow for better rear seat access. Through the enhancement of body rigidity, less road noise reaches the interior of the car. All door openings are sealed with double-layered weather stripping placed along the door trim for the optimal pressure to tightly seal the doors and ensure a quieter ride. The multi-functional center console provides a spacious compartment that can accommodate an A4-size notebook PC and a purse of equivalent size. It also incorporates a removable tray that can be used to hold portable media players and cell phones. The console compartment has a sliding lid that is cushioned on top to serve as an armrest. A retractable rear tray with a cup holder is installed between the rear seats, further elevating rear passenger comfort. (Available on the 2.0XS and 2.0XT) Exterior design Streamlined, yet sculpted styling evokes images of powerful, well defined muscles carved out of stone. Sharply defined character lines running from the sides of headlights to the tail lights, combined with boxed front fenders and projected rear quarter panels, accentuate a more pronounced SUV profile. The center of the redesigned front grill is metallic gray in color, making a sharp yet elegant contrast to its chrome-plated contours. Headlamps are chrome-plated on the inside to project the light outward evenly. Rear lights are clustered and designed to highlight a luminous and translucent look in the rear styling. 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheels with distinctively sculptured spokes emphasize the vehicle's commanding presence and high quality. 16-inch aluminum-alloy wheels also feature sharp lines of spokes, expressing high quality and smartness. Interior design Decorative insets with a brushed aluminum-look flow from the center panel of the dashboard to the door trim, adding spaciousness and airiness in the interior and stressing sportiness in the cockpit. Rich and refined interior design is accentuated by the center panel, which combines wood and metal finishes, as well as by the door trim, embellished with metal-finish panels for window and door switches. The vehicle information display, which constantly shows outside temperature, average mileage and time on the digital clock, as well as a navigation screen and audio display, are placed nearer the top of the dashboard for improved visibility and functionality. The front seat cushions employ highly resilient urethane materials that effectively absorb vibration during a drive. In addition, newly developed seatback springs firmly support the driver's hips and back to maintain the optimal driving position. Drivetrain An expanded ground clearance further improves the off-road capability of the vehicle. The raising of the clearance does not alter the low center of gravity that is attained by mounting the engine low in the vehicle, thereby securing outstanding vehicle stability. 4-speed AT models are equipped with the Sportshift gear selection. By optimizing the final gear ratio and torque convertor characteristics, as well as through reducing friction among part assemblies, driving performance and fuel economy has been improved. The N Control System on AT models automatically shifts the transmission back to neutral from driving positions after the brake pedal is depressed for some time. Gear shift operation has also been enhanced by the redesigned shift lever positions and the use of roller bearings. The SI-Dive (Subaru Intelligent Drive) system on the 2.0XT model offers three different modes of driving for the driver to enjoy: Intelligent; Sport; and Sport Sharp. Gear ratios on MT models, from the second through the five-speed, as well as the final drive gear ratio, have been modified to improve driving performance and fuel economy. Reducing friction inside the transmission also contributes to better gear shift operation on MT models. The Active Torque Split AWD system is mounted on AT models. MT models come with the center differential AWD system with viscous LSD (limited slip differential). Both AWD systems distribute optimal power to the wheels with the firm grip and traction, providing unrivalled vehicle stability. The Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC) is standards on all models. Fed by information gathered by sensors that monitor vehicle and road conditions, the VDC coordinates the engine, transmission, and brakes in order to recover the vehicle's position should unstable movements occur on a slippery road. 2.0-L DOHC engines on the 2.0X and 2.0XS Fuel economy has been improved with the redesigned DOHC cylinder head, as well as through optimization of the compression ratio and reduction of the volume of the combustion chamber. Low-end and mid-range torque is improved, while better fuel economy and lower gas emissions are achieved, primarily through design changes in the engine that generate a stronger tumble gas flow and raise gas intake efficiency. The use of AVCS contributes to higher power output, while fuel economy is also achieved by improving combustion efficiency through the optimized timing of valve openings and closings. A design change in the cooling water channel around the spark plug further prevents engine knocking and also helps improve low-end and mid-range torque output. With the optimization of the diameter and length of the intake manifold, and the adoption of the equal length/constant pulsation independent exhaust system, the engine's intake and exhaust performance has been elevated. Two catalytic convertors have been placed in tandem. The layout enables the convertors to quickly heat up, which facilitates catalytic activation during engine startup and improves on emission reduction efficiency. The twin mufflers expand the muffler capacity, bringing noise levels down even lower and reducing exhaust back pressure. 2.0-L DOHC Turbo engine A newly developed DOHC cylinder head is used in this engine. The intake port and the combustion chamber have been redesigned to reduce residual gasses, thus raising combustion efficiency. By using a resin-based intake manifold, the inner walls of the manifold are smooth and less resistant to the intake flow. The weight is also reduced by 30% compared to the earlier manifold. A design change in the cooling water channel around the spark plug further prevents engine knocking and also helps improve low-end and mid-range torque output. The injector nozzle has been redesigned to atomize fuel and finely disperse it into the combustion chamber for improved combustion. This also helps reduce harmful substances in emissions. Also adopted is a secondary air system that forces air into the exhaust port to burn out any gasoline remaining in it. The system helps eliminate harmful substances when the powertrain is still cool, and it promotes early activation of catalytic converters. The twin mufflers expand the muffler capacity, bringing noise levels down even lower and reducing exhaust back pressure. Powered by regular gasoline, the 2.0-L naturally aspirated Boxer engine features better combustion efficiency, as well as eco-friendly performance and fuel economy, thanks to a newly designed DOHC cylinder head and the use of the active valve control system (AVCS).

Scion tC Release Series 1.0, 2005

Scion tC Release Series 1.0, 2005
The Scion tC is a sports compact automobile introduced by Toyota in 2004 as a concept vehicle under its recently introduced Scion brand name. The Scion tC was designed to appeal to the Generation Y market and get them locked into the Toyota brand before any other car manufacturer could have a chance. They hoped to do so by making standard features numerous and optional features extremely easy to add. The Scion tC uses the chassis of the Avensis which is sold in the European market, and the Camry's 2.4 L 2AZ-FE I4 engine. Its low price (base MSRP of US$16,715 for the 2006 model) is a major feature, as well as the pure pricing marketing style that Toyota has adopted. The name tC does not fit in with its stablemates the xA and xB because the name xC has already been taken by Volvo for its XC70 and XC90 models. According to Scion, tC stands for "Touring Coupe." Specifications * Engine: Double overhead cam (DOHC) 16-valve VVT-i 2.4 L 4-cylinder * Power: 160hp (119 kW) @ 5700 rpm * Torque: 163 ft·lbf (221 N·m) @ 4000 rpm * Transmission: 5-speed manual or available 4-speed electronically controlled automatic transmission * Highway fuel economy/consumption: 35-30 mi/U.S. gal (7.8 L/100 km) (automatic); 34-29 mi/U.S. gal (8.1 L/100 km) (manual) * City fuel economy/consumption: 29-23 mi/U.S. gal (10.7 L/100 km) (automatic); 28-22 mi/U.S. gal (10.7 L/100 km) (manual) * Fuel tank: 14.5 gal (54.9 L) * Brakes: 4-wheel anti-lock braking system employing disc brakes on both the front and rear * Curb weight: 2,970 lb (1,347 kg) (automatic); 2,905 lb (1,318 kg) (manual) * Displacement: 2382 CC

Scion t2B Concept, 2005

Scion t2B Concept, 2005
The t2B is a concept car from Scion, designed by Calty Design (Toyota's design studio in California) and built by Five Axis Models in Huntington Beach, California. It debuted at the 2005 New York Auto Show. Its name stands for Tall 2 Box. It appears rather like a mini-van, with 2 rows of bench seats, although the exterior is similar to the xB. On the passenger side there is 1 automatic sliding door. The driver side has doors that open 180 degrees, the rear door being a suicide door. The idea of the t2B is to be a social and entertainment enigma to the occupants.

Scion 5 Axis Widebody DJ xB, 2005

Scion 5 Axis Widebody DJ xB, 2005
The Scion xB is the American-market name given to the subcompact Toyota bB. It is a small wagon based on the Toyota Yaris platform. The xB was one of two models in the lineup of Toyota's US-exclusive Scion division present at the brand's 2004 launch (the other was the xA, based on the Toyota ist). Both cars feature the 1NZ-FE engine, rated at 108 hp (81 kW) at 6000 rpm and 105 lb-ft of torque at 4200 rpm. The Toyota bB was an established model in Japan before the Scion xB version was introduced to the US. Scion Marketing The Scion xB's marketing is aimed at Generation Y, Americans born in 1978 or later. This group of car buyers is extremely important to manufacturers due to their large numbers (78 million) and their differing perceptions and demands of the vehicles they drive. Though Toyota expected the xA to sell better than the xB, the reverse proved to be true, with the xB outselling its brother 2 to 1, possibly due to the xB's distinctive styling, and the xB's unique combination of van-like cargo and passenger space with a very compact size. Differences between the xB and the bB Besides the obvious change from right to left-hand drive, the front passenger area has changed significantly. The bB has a front bench seat and a column-mounted shifter for the automatic transmission. The xB, on the other hand, has 2 front bucket seats and a shifter mounted on the floor. The bB is available with either the 1.3 L 2NZ-FE engine or the 1.5 L 1NZ-FE, mated exclusively to a 4-speed automatic transmission with available all-wheel drive. The xB is only available with the 1NZ-FE, but offers both a 4-speed automatic or a 5-speed manual transmission. All-wheel drive is not offered on the xB. The Toyota bB does not have a spare tire. On the Scion xB, a compact spare tire is stored under the left side of the rear cargo floor. Since the spare tire raised the cargo floor by several inches, a storage compartment was added to the right of the spare tire to reclaim some of the lost storage space. A jack is stored under the driver's seat of the xB.

Dacia Logan MCV, 2009

Dacia Logan MCV, 2009
New version of the Dacia Logan MCV, the best-selling station wagon in France, was launched following the Dacia Sandero and new Dacia Logan. With fresh body styling adopting the new visual identity of the brand, an upgraded LaurĂ©ate model and the arrival of a Prestige version, new Dacia Logan MCV is an integral part of the renewal of Dacia, a generous and clever brand. New Dacia Logan MCV obviously retains its successful formula of unbeatable cabin room for the price, impressive modular design and versatility in use, along with recognized reliability found in the previous generation. New Dacia Logan MCV was launched in France on October 3, 2008, naturally with the threeyear 100,000 km warranty. The entry-level price is as attractive as ever at just €8,900 in France. New Dacia Logan MCV is produced at Dacia's ISO 14001-certified Pitesti plant in Romania. The new model is 95% recoverable and contains 5% recycled plastic. The 70 hp dCi and 85 hp dCi models, emitting 140 g/km of CO2 and 137 g/km of CO2, respectively, both carry the Dacia eco2 signature.

Dacia Logan, 2009

Dacia Logan, 2009
Four years after the release of the first Logan, Dacia introduces 'New Logan'. The latest version of this celebrated three-volume saloon builds on the same strengths that forged the success of its predecessor, including unbeatable value for money in terms of performance and equipment, plus outstanding cabin space and exceptional reliability. New Dacia Logan goes even further, however, and features a more contemporary design, as well as a more attractive and more comfortable interior which mirrors the renewal of Dacia as a generous, clever brand. New Dacia Logan introduced across the majority of Western European markets from July 2008. In most cases, its entry level price remains unchanged, making it a more appealing proposition than ever. More contemporary looks New Dacia Logan stands out as a modern saloon with more contemporary exterior lines which reflect its robust, quality build. The grille, which first appeared on Dacia Sandero, is bigger and features the brand's new logo, plus a chrome upper trim as standard (except entry level version). The new front bumper is flush with the bodywork for a more integrated, harmonious feel, while the headlights are bigger and the fog lamps come with elegant carbon colour surrounds (depending on version). The rear design of New Dacia Logan has been updated, too. The design of the new boot lid, which can be trimmed with a lower chrome strip, is more streamlined and its lines have been carried over to the revised rear lights. The rear bumper, too, is now flush with the bodywork and incorporates reflectors and a towing hook complete with concealing cap. An even more pleasing interior New Dacia Logan sets out to be even more appealing than ever. The new dashboard, which first appeared on Dacia Sandero, is modern and functional, while the design of the door panels also contributes to the cabin's modern feel thanks to their more practical pull handles and elegant trimming (depending on version). The upgrade in range has seen the introduction of two finishes for New Dacia Logan's dashboard, plus a choice of four upholsteries (depending on countries). Drivers will appreciate the practical controls, and special care has gone into ensuring that all dashboard information is easy to read. The driving environment itself has been made even more comfortable and driverfriendly thanks to a new driver's seat adjustment control (depending on version) and a height-adjustable steering column (depending on version). Rear visibility has been improved through the fitment of a comma-type central rear headrest and large format door mirrors. These have been carried over from Dacia Logan MCV and are standard equipment on New Dacia Logan. An exceptionally roomy interior New Dacia Logan's generous dimensions ensure outstanding cabin space which continues to be unmatched in the three-volume saloon category of the B-Entry segment. Indeed, its size is more akin to C-segment norms, since the newcomer's overall length has been increased to 4,290mm (up 40mm compared with the previous version Logan), while its width is 1,740mm. Cabin space is one of New Dacia Logan's most salient features and three tall passengers (more than 1.90m in height) can be accommodated comfortably in the rear thanks to rear headroom of 873mm. Rear shoulder room is a remarkable 1,428mm too, a figure more readily associated with larger saloons. Last but by no means least, the boot volume of 510 litres is unequalled by any of New Dacia Logan's rivals in its category and the boot layout itself permits loads of very different shapes and sizes to be carried with ease. The accent on safety New Dacia Logan features the same safety features and equipment that enabled the model to achieve a threestar Euro NCAP crash test rating. New Dacia Logan can be equipped with the latest generation Bosch 8.1 ABS complete with electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) and emergency brake assist (EBA), a new feature which debuted on Dacia Sandero. The latter detects when the driver brakes in an emergency situation and acts on the hydraulic circuit to increase the effectiveness of the ABS by applying maximum pressure the instant the driver hits the brakes. Front and rear tracks of New Dacia Logan have been widened 7mm either side, which reinforces the roadholding capabilities of the vehicle. On the passive safety front, New Dacia Logan features a new honeycomb structure for the dashboard which reduces the severity of impact to the knees. In addition to the materials it employs, the dashboard's very design takes safety into account thanks to the curves of its lower section which match the form of the tibia, enabling impact loads to be spread out evenly in case of contact. The driver and front passenger also benefit from further lower limb protection thanks to underfoot padding. All New Dacia Logan's seats are equipped with three-point seatbelts and headrests, while the new car is delivered as standard with two controlled-deflation airbags (depending on countries), driver and front passenger, the pressure of which diminishes following deployment in order to limit the load applied to occupants. A comprehensive range of proven powerplants New Dacia Logan comes with the same proven petrol engines and diesel engine that have contributed to the Dacia range's success. The 1.4 MPI 75hp, 1.6 MPI 90hp and 1.6 16V 105hp all comply with the criteria of cost, robustness and ease of maintenance that are a feature of the Dacia brand. They combine generous torque from low revs with thrifty fuel consumption: 7.0, 7.2 and 7.1 litres/100km respectively. The 1.5 dCi stands out as a benchmark in the diesel engine field thanks to the use of such advanced technologies as second-generation common-rail direct injection which delivers both high performance and extremely low fuel consumption. The 1.5 dCi is available in 70hp form and a punchier 85hp version, while CO2 emissions of 120g/km point to the 1.5 dCi 70hp and 1.5 dCi 85hp engines' ecological credentials.